The above figure shows the working of the stop and wait protocol. This is known as a flow control mechanism. Therefore, the idea of stop and wait protocol in the receiver's side is also very simple, i.e., consume the packet, and once the packet is consumed, the acknowledgment is sent. Rule 2: When the data packet is consumed, receiver sends the acknowledgment to the sender. Rule 1: Receive and then consume the data packet. Therefore, the idea of stop and wait protocol in the sender's side is very simple, i.e., send one packet at a time, and do not send another packet before receiving the acknowledgment. Rule 2: Sender sends the next packet only when it receives the acknowledgment of the previous packet. Rule 1: Sender sends one data packet at a time.
The primitives of stop and wait protocol are: The idea behind the usage of this frame is that when the sender sends the frame then he waits for the acknowledgment before sending the next frame. It provides flow-control mechanism but does not provide any error control mechanism. It provides unidirectional data transmission which means that either sending or receiving of data will take place at a time.
It is a data-link layer protocol which is used for transmitting the data over the noiseless channels. The stop and wait protocol is a flow control protocol where flow control is one of the services of the data link layer. After sending the data, he stops and waits until he receives the acknowledgment from the receiver. Here stop and wait means, whatever the data that sender wants to send, he sends the data to the receiver. Based on the usage, the people select the error control mechanism whether it is stop and wait or sliding window. The sliding window is further divided into two categories, i.e., Go Back N, and Selective Repeat. The error control mechanism is divided into two categories, i.e., Stop and Wait ARQ and sliding window. The error control mechanism is used so that the received data should be exactly same whatever sender has sent the data. Before understanding the stop and Wait protocol, we first know about the error control mechanism.
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